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Carbonation Shrinkage

Carbonation Shrinkage

Atmospheric CO2 penetrates the concrete's pores and, in the presence of moisture, forms carbonic acid, which then reacts with calcium hydroxide in the hydrated cement, forming calcium carbonate. This process reduces the concrete's volume and is termed carbonation shrinkage.
The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction...

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Updated: May 31, 2025

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

Synthesis of Hydrogels with Antifouling Properties As Membranes for Water Purification

Published on: April 7, 2017

Self-Reactive Carbon Dioxide Absorbent with Sodium Carbonate-Based Hydrogel.

Jae Young Kim¹, Youn Suk Lee¹

¹Department of Packaging, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea.

Gels (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 24, 2025

Summary

A novel sodium carbonate hydrogel (SCH-PAAS) with polyacrylic acid sodium salt (PAAS) offers efficient CO2 absorption for food packaging. This self-reactive material excels in low-temperature conditions, overcoming limitations of traditional solid absorbents.

Keywords:

faster CO2 capture at low temperature self-reactive CO2 absorbent sodium carbonate-based hydrogel

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Last Updated: May 31, 2025

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Preparation of Biopolymer Aerogels Using Green Solvents

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Published on: July 4, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Food Packaging Technology
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Sodium carbonate is a cost-effective food additive and CO2 absorbent.
Current solid sodium carbonate applications in food packaging are limited by the need for external moisture and reduced performance at low temperatures.
This necessitates the development of advanced CO2 absorbents for improved food preservation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a self-reactive sodium carbonate-based hydrogel (SCH-PAAS) for CO2 absorption in food packaging.
To evaluate the CO2 absorption capacity and rate of the SCH-PAAS, particularly under low-temperature conditions.
To demonstrate the suitability of SCH-PAAS for fresh food packaging applications.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a sodium carbonate hydrogel incorporating polyacrylic acid sodium salt (PAAS).
Characterization of the hydrogel's CO2 absorption performance at varying PAAS concentrations and temperatures (10 °C and 25 °C).
Analysis of the hydrogel's structural properties and gas-liquid contact area.

Main Results:

The developed SCH-PAAS hydrogel exhibits self-reactivity and high CO2 absorption capacity without external moisture.
Increased PAAS content enhanced CO2 absorption rates, with faster absorption observed at 10 °C compared to 25 °C.
SCH-PAAS demonstrated significantly improved low-temperature absorption performance compared to conventional sodium carbonate materials.

Conclusions:

The novel SCH-PAAS hydrogel effectively overcomes the limitations of traditional sodium carbonate absorbents for food packaging.
Its enhanced low-temperature CO2 absorption makes it ideal for preserving fresh foods under refrigeration.
The material's self-reactivity and porous structure contribute to its high absorption efficiency and suitability for commercial applications.