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Related Experiment Videos

Microfluidic Assays for CD4 T Lymphocyte Counting: A Review.

Zhuolun Meng1, Hassan Raji1, Mahtab Kokabi1

  • 1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, 94 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

Biosensors
|January 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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Accurately counting CD4 T cells is vital for monitoring HIV progression. This review explores innovative, cost-effective microfluidic devices as a solution for resource-limited settings.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Global Health

Background:

  • CD4 T lymphocytes are crucial for adaptive immunity and immune health.
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) depletes CD4 cells, making counts critical for disease monitoring.
  • Current gold-standard flow cytometry is expensive and complex for resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze emerging technologies for CD4 T cell enumeration.
  • To highlight the need for rapid, cost-effective, and portable CD4 counting methods.
  • To focus on microfluidic systems as a promising alternative.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advancements in CD4 counting techniques.
  • Analysis of microfluidic systems for CD4 enumeration.
Keywords:
ASSURED criteriaCD4 countingHIV/AIDSmicrofluidicspoint-of-care

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  • Assessment of methods for resource-limited environments.

    • Main Results:

    • Flow cytometry, while accurate, presents significant barriers in cost, portability, and expertise.
    • Microfluidic technologies show potential for rapid, low-cost, and portable CD4 counting.
    • Emerging methods aim to overcome the limitations of traditional flow cytometry.

    Conclusions:

    • There is a critical need for accessible CD4 counting solutions in global healthcare.
    • Microfluidic systems offer a promising avenue for developing next-generation CD4 enumeration tools.
    • Advancements in microfluidics could significantly improve HIV management in resource-limited regions.