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Chemical Diversity of UK-Grown Tea Explored Using Metabolomics and Machine Learning.

Amanda J Lloyd¹, Alina Warren-Walker¹, Jasen Finch¹

¹Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK.

|January 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tea leaf chemical profiles vary significantly based on cultivar and time of day. This study analyzed chemical diversity in Dartmoor Estate tea, revealing cultivar-specific variations and daily metabolic changes in starch and sucrose.

Keywords:

Camellia sinensis L.Flow Infusion Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (FIE-MS)cultivars geographical location metabolomics random forest classification temporal factors

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Chemistry
Plant Metabolism
Tea Science

Background:

Dartmoor Estate tea plantation in Devon, UK, possesses a unique microclimate and varied soil conditions.
These factors contribute to distinctive flavors and chemical profiles in tea.
Exploration of chemical diversity in fresh tea leaves from various garden locations was conducted.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the chemical diversity of fresh tea leaf samples within the Dartmoor Estate plantation.
To investigate the influence of location, cultivar, time of day, and variety on tea's chemical composition.
To understand metabolic changes over a 24-hour period in a specific tea variant.

Main Methods:

Analysis of fresh tea leaves using Flow Infusion Electrospray Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (FIE-MS).
Samples were differentiated by garden location, cultivar, time of day, and variety.
Random forest classification was employed to analyze cultivar differences.

Main Results:

No significant chemical differences were found between garden locations of the Georgian N2 cultivar.
Significant variability in chemical composition was observed among four tri-clonal variants (Tocklai Variety).
Metabolic analysis revealed significant changes in starch and sucrose metabolism throughout the day, with levels peaking and then declining.

Conclusions:

Cultivar, geographical location, and time of day are critical factors influencing tea's chemical composition.
The study provides data on metabolic pathways relevant to tea cultivation and production.
These variables are crucial in determining the final chemical profile and organoleptic qualities of tea.