Synthetic Vesicle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Disease Therapy: Current Applications and Future Directions

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Nanotechnology
• Oral Health

Background:

• Oral diseases, including dental caries, periodontitis, and oral cancer, pose significant global public health challenges.
• Current treatments often require postoperative drug therapy, which faces limitations like poor drug penetration, side effects, and drug resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze the potential of drug-loaded vesicles (liposomes, polymersomes, extracellular vesicles) for enhanced oral disease treatment.
• To explore the characteristics, advantages, limitations, and optimization strategies of these vesicle-based drug delivery systems.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review on liposomes, polymersomes, and extracellular vesicles in oral disease therapy.
• Analysis of drug encapsulation efficiency, controlled release, and biocompatibility of different vesicle types.
• Examination of clinical applications, development prospects, and optimization strategies.

Main Results:

• Drug-loaded vesicles offer high encapsulation efficiency, controlled release, and excellent biocompatibility, addressing limitations of traditional oral disease treatments.
• Liposomes, polymersomes, and extracellular vesicles demonstrate unique characteristics and potential for improved therapeutic efficacy.
• Specific applications and optimization strategies are discussed for enhancing clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Vesicle-based drug delivery systems represent a promising frontier for advancing oral disease treatment.
• Further research and optimization are needed to fully realize the clinical potential of these advanced therapeutic platforms.