Theophylline-associated seizures in children

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology
• Neurology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Theophylline is a medication used to treat respiratory diseases.
• Mildly toxic serum theophylline concentrations can pose risks.
• Drug interactions are a significant concern in patient safety.

Observation:

• Four patients presented with seizures.
• Seizures occurred at mildly toxic theophylline levels.
• Erythromycin was administered to three of the patients.

Findings:

• Elevated serum theophylline concentrations were observed in all four patients.
• Erythromycin administration was identified as a probable cause for increased theophylline levels in three patients.
• One patient experienced severe neurological damage secondary to the seizure.

Implications:

• Clinicians should be aware of the potential for theophylline-erythromycin interactions.
• Monitoring theophylline levels is crucial, especially when co-administering interacting drugs.
• Prompt recognition and management of theophylline toxicity can prevent severe neurological outcomes.