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Related Experiment Video

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Thyroid Dysfunction Following Thermal Ablation of Large Solid and Solid-Predominant Thyroid Nodules.

Lanyan Qiu1, Yuqing Huang2, Yueyue Ge1

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|January 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Thermal ablation (TA) for solid thyroid nodules (TNs) can cause temporary thyroid dysfunction, particularly with larger nodules. Monitoring thyroid hormones for 1-3 months post-TA is advised for effective management.

Keywords:
microwave ablationradiofrequency ablationsolid thyroid nodulesthyroid functionthyroid peroxidase antibody

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Interventional Radiology

Background:

  • Thermal ablation (TA) is an alternative to surgery for thyroid nodules (TNs).
  • The impact of TA on thyroid function in solid TNs, especially large ones, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate changes in thyroid hormones after TA in patients with solid-predominant TNs.
  • To identify risk factors for post-TA thyroid dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Enrolled euthyroid patients with solid-predominant TNs (≥80% solid).
  • Assessed TN volume, diameter, and cytopathology before TA.
  • Performed TA using microwave or radiofrequency ablation.
  • Measured thyroid hormone levels at various intervals up to 12 months post-TA.

Main Results:

  • Euthyroid rate decreased to 70.1% at 1 week post-TA, recovering to 100% by 12 months.
  • Short-term hyperthyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism were observed, with altered thyroid hormone and TSH levels.
  • Larger TN diameter and lower baseline TSH levels were independent risk factors for thyroid dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • TA can lead to transient thyroid dysfunction in patients with solid TNs.
  • Close monitoring of thyroid hormone levels from 1 week to 3 months post-TA is recommended for managing potential dysfunction.