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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrocatalyst structure changes during reactions, impacting catalytic properties. This study reveals how copper oxide (Cu2O) transforms under specific conditions, forming distinct motifs and influencing ammonia selectivity.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Electrocatalysts change structure and composition during reactions, forming new active phases.
  • Understanding these transformations is key to controlling catalytic properties, but mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify catalyst motifs formed from copper oxide (Cu2O) under electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction conditions.
  • To understand how operating potential and chemical environment influence catalyst morphology and chemical state.
  • To elucidate the role of electrolyte-catalyst interactions in ammonia selectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Correlated operando microscopy and spectroscopy.
  • Electrochemical liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (EC-TEM).
  • Operando transmission soft X-ray microscopy (TXM), hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and Raman spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • Distinct catalyst motifs formed from Cu2O depending on applied potential and chemical environment.
  • Cu2O stabilized with metallic copper under moderately reductive conditions due to surface hydroxide formation.
  • Timescales of morphological changes correlated with chemical state information.

Conclusions:

  • Electrocatalyst evolution is potential and environment-dependent.
  • Surface hydroxide formation plays a role in stabilizing catalyst phases.
  • Electrolyte-catalyst interactions significantly influence ammonia selectivity in nitrate reduction.