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Unmasking Racial, Ethnic, and Socioeconomic Disparities in United States Chordoma Clinical Trials: Systematic Review

Ali Haider Bangash1, Jessica Ryvlin1, Vikram Chakravarthy2

  • 1Spine Research Group, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.

Cancers
|January 25, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Chordoma clinical trials need better diversity. Minority groups are underrepresented, and socioeconomic data is missing, potentially impacting treatment outcomes and access.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Trial Research
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Chordoma is a rare bone cancer with limited treatment options.
  • Clinical trials are essential for developing new therapies.
  • Patient diversity in trials is crucial for generalizable results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the reporting of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic diversity in United States clinical trials for chordoma.
  • To assess the representation of different demographic groups in chordoma research.
  • To identify gaps in data collection regarding patient diversity in chordoma treatment studies.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed across major databases (PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, ClinicalTrials.gov).
  • Data on trial characteristics, racial/ethnic data, and socioeconomic indicators were extracted.
  • Statistical analysis (N-1 Chi-squared test) compared trial demographics to US Census data; methodological quality was assessed using MINORS and RoB2 tools.

Main Results:

  • Five chordoma trials with 111 patients were analyzed.
  • White/Caucasian patients were overrepresented (91% vs. 75% in the US population).
  • Black/African American (2% vs. 14%) and Hispanic/Latino (7% vs. 20%) populations were significantly underrepresented; no socioeconomic data was reported.

Conclusions:

  • Chordoma clinical trials require improved reporting and inclusion of racial and ethnic diversity.
  • Underrepresentation of minority groups may mask disparities in disease incidence, treatment access, and outcomes.
  • There is a critical need for better collection and reporting of socioeconomic data in chordoma research.
Keywords:
chordomadiversityemploymentinsuranceracesocioeconomic statusvulnerability

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