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Related Concept Videos

Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2025

Modeling Brain Metastases Through Intracranial Injection and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Outcomes of Brain Metastasis from Lung Cancer.

James M Mobley1, Kerry I Phillips1, Quan Chen2

  • 1Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.

Cancers
|January 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastasis do not receive treatment. Identifying barriers to care, such as lack of oncology team access or patient refusal, is crucial for improving outcomes.

Keywords:
brain metastasislung cancernon-treatmentpalliative care

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neurology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited data exists on brain metastasis outcomes in lung cancer patients.
  • Understanding treatment patterns and patient characteristics is vital for identifying those who may benefit from intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze outcome patterns and patient characteristics for individuals with brain metastasis secondary to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • To identify barriers to treatment and potential factors influencing patient decisions regarding care.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 284 NSCLC patients with brain metastasis from the Kentucky Cancer Registry (2016-2019).
  • Evaluation of treatment received, timing, and characteristics of patients who did not receive treatment.
  • Analysis included social history, disease burden, oncology treatment timelines, and tobacco use.

Main Results:

  • 61.8% of NSCLC patients with brain metastasis did not receive treatment.
  • Of those untreated, 31.1% never connected with an oncology team, 23.0% were too ill for treatment, and 77.0% declined treatment.
  • Tobacco use was analyzed due to high rates in Kentucky.

Conclusions:

  • Advancements in chemoimmunotherapy and targeted therapies offer new hope for patients with brain metastases.
  • This study highlights critical barriers to care and the need for optimized resource allocation.
  • Further research is essential to improve management and outcomes for this patient population.