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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2025

Tracking Infiltration Front Depth Using Time-lapse Multi-offset Gathers Collected with Array Antenna Ground Penetrating Radar

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Remote Radio Frequency Sensing Based on 5G New Radio Positioning Reference Signals.

Marcin Bednarz¹, Tomasz P Zielinski¹

¹Institute of Telecommunications, AGH University of Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 25, 2025

Summary

This study shows that 5G NR Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) can detect moving objects like high-speed trains using radar principles. Denser PRS configurations offer no significant advantage and consume more resources.

Keywords:

5G NR channel impulse response (CIR)integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)moving vehicle detection positioning reference signals (PRS)remote sensing

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Last Updated: May 31, 2025

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Published on: June 25, 2021

Area of Science:

Wireless Communications
Radar Systems
Signal Processing

Background:

5G New Radio (NR) systems utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Positioning Reference Signals (PRS) are integral to 5G NR for precise location determination.
Traditional radar systems are effective for object detection, but integrating them with cellular infrastructure presents opportunities for enhanced sensing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of using 5G NR PRS for radar-based remote sensing applications.
To evaluate the performance of PRS configurations in detecting moving objects, specifically a high-speed train (HST), near a 5G NR base station.

Main Methods:

Applied orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar concepts to 5G NR PRS.
Estimated time-varying channel impulse response weights using PRS pilots for spectral analysis.
Simulated various PRS configurations, echo signal strengths, and observation window lengths to assess performance.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that spectral analysis of channel impulse response weights can detect moving vehicles and calculate their time and Doppler shifts.
Quantitative comparison using Peak-to-Noise-Floor Ratio (PNFR) on radar range-velocity maps (RVM) showed performance metrics.
Found that the densest PRS configurations did not yield notable improvements in detection performance while increasing resource demands.

Conclusions:

5G NR PRS pilots are practical for remote sensing applications, enabling radar-like object detection.
Optimizing PRS configurations is crucial, as increased density does not linearly translate to better performance and can be resource-intensive.