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Integrated Sensing and Communication Using Random Padded OTFS with Reduced Interferences.

Pavel Karpovich^1,2, Tomasz P Zielinski¹

¹Institute of Telecommunications, AGH University of Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 14, 2025

Summary

This study optimizes Random Padded Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (RP-OTFS) modulation to reduce interference in high Doppler channels. The enhanced waveform improves data demodulation and radar detection for Integrated Sensing and Communication systems.

Keywords:

OTFS modulation integrated sensing and communication (ISAC)pilot-to-data interference random-padded OTFS vehicle detection

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Area of Science:

Wireless Communications
Signal Processing
Radar Systems

Background:

Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation is effective in high Doppler channels where Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) struggles.
Random Padded OTFS (RP-OTFS) offers improved Channel State Information (CSI) estimation and radar detection capabilities for Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems.
A key limitation of RP-OTFS is significant inter-carrier interference (ICI) within the Doppler-delay (DD) grid.

Purpose of the Study:

To optimize the RP-OTFS waveform by reducing pilot-to-data interference and data carrier interference.
To enhance the performance of ISAC systems utilizing RP-OTFS modulation.
To investigate various DD grid configurations for different radar applications and operating environments.

Main Methods:

Reducing pilot-to-data interference through interference redistribution and specialized DD grid configurations.
Mitigating data carrier interference by extrapolating CSI estimates.
Evaluating performance via simulations comparing the proposed ICI-reduced RP-OTFS against standard RP-OTFS, OFDM, and zero-padded OTFS.

Main Results:

The proposed methods significantly reduce pilot-to-data and data carrier interference in the RP-OTFS waveform.
The ICI-reduced RP-OTFS demonstrates a lower bit error rate (BER) compared to conventional modulations.
The enhanced RP-OTFS achieves a higher probability of successful radar detection.

Conclusions:

The optimized RP-OTFS waveform effectively minimizes interference, enhancing reliability in ISAC systems.
The study provides insights into selecting appropriate DD grid parameters for diverse operating conditions.
The developed ICI-reduced RP-OTFS offers superior performance for both communication and sensing tasks in challenging wireless environments.