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A process inspired by fractals for embedding digital codes into additively manufactured components for supply chain
Saber Nemati1, Ali Mahmoudi1, Kyungmin Ham2
1Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
Scientific Reports
|January 25, 2025
Summary
Digital information can be embedded into 3D printed metal parts using Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLS). This method maintains tensile strength and allows for data retrieval via X-ray imaging.
Area of Science:
- Additive Manufacturing
- Materials Science
- Digital Engineering
Background:
- Additive manufacturing enables the creation of complex geometries.
- Embedding digital information within components offers novel data storage solutions.
- Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLS) is a key additive manufacturing technique for metals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the feasibility of embedding digital information into additively manufactured components using DMLS.
- To evaluate the structural integrity and tensile properties of components with embedded digital codes.
- To explore X-ray imaging techniques for readout and verification of embedded data.
Main Methods:
- Digital information encoded as fractal patterns (Cantor dust) was embedded within ASTM E8/E8M tensile test dumbbells using DMLS.
- Tensile testing was performed on components with and without embedded codes to assess mechanical properties.
- X-ray tomography and X-ray interferometry were utilized for non-destructive detection and analysis of the embedded digital codes.
Main Results:
- Components with embedded digital codes met the ultimate tensile strength specifications for the EOS AlF357 powder.
- X-ray tomography revealed slight overestimations in ellipsoid volume for embedded codes, even with loose powder.
- X-ray interferometry enhanced void detectability, highlighting its utility for analyzing embedded features.
Conclusions:
- Standard selective laser sintering printers can embed approximately 100 bits of digital information within a 6 mm diameter gauge volume using 300 µm voids.
- The process maintains critical tensile specifications, making it suitable for practical applications.
- This research paves the way for integrating data storage directly into functional metal parts.
