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Rapid Repetition Rate Fluctuation Measurement of Soliton Crystals in a Microresonator

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Single soliton microcomb combined with optical phased array for parallel FMCW LiDAR.

Jingye Chen¹, Wenlei Li¹, Zhe Kang^1,2

¹State Key Laboratory for Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation, International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Ningbo Innovation Center, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.

Nature Communications

|January 26, 2025

Summary

This study demonstrates a silicon integrated optical phased array (OPA) with an optical frequency microcomb for advanced light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems. This innovation enables all-solid-state, ultrahigh-frame-rate coherent 3D imaging using frequency-modulated continuous-wave technology.

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Area of Science:

Photonics
Integrated Optics
LiDAR Technology

Background:

Frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) technology and optical phased arrays (OPAs) show promise for solid-state light detection and ranging (LiDAR).
Existing LiDAR systems face limitations in speed and form factor, necessitating advancements in solid-state solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and experimentally demonstrate a silicon integrated OPA combined with an optical frequency microcomb for a parallel LiDAR system.
To achieve parallel wavelength emission for enhanced LiDAR performance using novel waveguide and bound state in the continuum (BIC) effects.
To enable coherent three-dimensional (3D) imaging with high frame rates using FMCW principles.

Main Methods:

Integration of a silicon photonic optical phased array (OPA) with an optical frequency microcomb.
Utilizing wide waveguides beyond the single-mode region and the bound state in the continuum (BIC) effect to create an ultra-long optical grating antenna array.
Employing a single soliton microcomb for generating multiple distinct wavelength channels and FMCW for coherent 3D imaging.

Main Results:

Successful demonstration of a silicon integrated OPA combined with an optical frequency microcomb for parallel LiDAR.
Achieved parallel wavelength emission meeting Rayleigh criterion via BIC-enhanced grating antenna array.
Demonstrated coherent 3D imaging using FMCW with a high-performance integrated OPA and microcomb, showing modulation bandwidth beyond single soliton microcomb capabilities.

Conclusions:

The developed system paves the way for all-solid-state, ultrahigh-frame-rate coherent LiDAR.
This integrated approach offers a significant advancement for high-performance 3D imaging applications.
The combination of FMCW, OPA, and microcomb technology represents a key step towards next-generation LiDAR systems.