Laser Management of Vascular Anomalies

This article reviews the evolving role of laser therapy in the management of vascular anomalies, emphasizing advances in selective photothermolysis, wavelength optimization, pulse modulation, and epidermal cooling that have improved treatment precision and safety. It outlines the principles of laser-tissue interaction and discusses how different laser systems, including pulsed dye laser, Nd:YAG, alexandrite laser, and IPL, are tailored to lesion depth and vascular characteristics. The article further examines lesion-specific management strategies for infantile hemangiomas and port-wine capillary malformations, highlighting indications, outcomes, limitations, and multimodal approaches. Emerging therapies such as photodynamic therapy are also discussed as promising options for resistant vascular lesions.