New Research on Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Continuum.

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Pathology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia, affecting over 60% of patients.
• Understanding AD's molecular basis enables development of new therapies.
• Current treatments include symptomatic anticholinesterases (AChEs) and emerging disease-modifying therapeutics (DMTs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review specific biomarkers for early Alzheimer's disease detection.
• To highlight the importance of early diagnosis for effective therapeutic strategies.
• To explore novel approaches for treating preclinical AD and halting progression.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.
• Analysis of therapeutic efficacy based on disease stage.
• Discussion of diagnostic and prognostic implications of biomarkers.

Main Results:

• Symptomatic therapies (AChEs) are most effective in mild to moderate AD.
• Disease-modifying therapeutics (DMTs) targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau (τ) are more effective in the preclinical stage.
• Biomarkers are essential for early AD detection, predicting dementia risk, and monitoring disease progression.

Conclusions:

• Early identification of AD through biomarkers is critical for effective treatment.
• Targeting preclinical AD with DMTs offers a promising strategy to slow disease progression.
• Continued research into novel biomarkers and therapeutic pathways is needed to combat AD.