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Flow Cytometry

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The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Flow Virometry to Analyze Antigenic Spectra of Virions and Extracellular Vesicles

Flow Virometry to Analyze Antigenic Spectra of Virions and Extracellular Vesicles

Published on: January 25, 2017

Flow virometry: recent advancements, best practices, and future frontiers.

Claire Fernandes^1,2, Arvin T Persaud^1,2, Deepa Chaphekhar^1,2

¹Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Virology

|January 27, 2025

Summary

Flow virometry (FV) offers a powerful approach to analyze individual virus particles, advancing viral diagnostics and vaccine development. This review highlights FV

Keywords:

calibrated flow cytometry flow virometry human immunodeficiency virus nanoparticles nanoscale flow cytometry quantitative flow virometry vaccine quality control virion-incorporated proteins virus phenotyping virus sorting virus-like particles

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Area of Science:

Virology
Biotechnology
Immunology

Background:

Viruses pose significant threats to human health, necessitating advanced detection and analysis tools.
Flow virometry (FV) is an emerging technique for studying individual virions.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in applying flow virometry (FV) to human virus research.
To demonstrate FV's utility in viral characterization, diagnostics, and vaccine development.

Main Methods:

Review of recent literature and primary data on flow virometry applications.
Focus on viral surface phenotyping, protein functionality, and virus sorting using FV.

Main Results:

FV enables detailed analysis of individual virion heterogeneity and phenotypes.
FV is valuable for studying virus-antibody interactions and aids in vaccine development.
FV applications span diagnostics, viral characterization, and functional studies.

Conclusions:

Flow virometry is a powerful, underutilized tool for comprehensive virus analysis.
Addressing current challenges and implementing best practices will enhance FV's impact.
FV holds significant promise for future virology research and applications.