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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

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Assessing the Rise in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Incidence: A 38-Year Australian Study Investigating WHO Classification

Steven Weller^1,2, Cordia Chu¹, Alfred King-Yin Lam^3,4

¹Centre of Environment and Population Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia.

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

|January 27, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Thyroid cancer incidence in Australia has significantly increased over 38 years. While diagnostic changes influenced some trends, a genuine rise in papillary thyroid carcinoma cases is evident.

Keywords:

Australia Endocrine Tumours Global cancer Incidence Trends Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Thyroid Carcinoma WHO Classification

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Published on: November 10, 2014

Area of Science:

Oncology
Epidemiology
Pathology

Background:

Global thyroid cancer incidence shows a marked increase.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type.
Changes in diagnostic criteria and classifications may influence recorded incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) subtype incidence and World Health Organisation (WHO) classification changes on overall thyroid cancer trends in Australia.
To differentiate between increases due to diagnostic shifts versus genuine incidence rises.

Main Methods:

Descriptive epidemiological study using Australian cancer registry data (1982-2019).
Joinpoint regression analysis to assess temporal trends in thyroid carcinoma and PTC incidence.
Comparison of incidence trends with WHO endocrine tumour classification updates.

Main Results:

Increasing trends observed for classic PTC and thyroid microcarcinomas (post-2003).
Declining trend for the follicular variant of PTC noted from 2015.
Incidence trend changes align with WHO reclassifications (e.g., papillary microcarcinoma in 2004, NIFTP in 2016/17).
Significant PTC increase persists even after accounting for classification changes.

Conclusions:

Shifts in WHO classifications influence recorded thyroid carcinoma incidence patterns.
Despite classification adjustments, a substantial increase in Australian thyroid carcinoma cases over three decades suggests a genuine rise beyond improved diagnostics.