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A large-scale dataset for Chinese historical document recognition and analysis.

Yongxin Shi1, Dezhi Peng1,2, Yuyi Zhang1

  • 1School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.

Scientific Data
|January 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed HisDoc1B, a large-scale dataset for Chinese historical document analysis. This dataset significantly advances deep-learning model capabilities for recognizing ancient Chinese culture from historical texts.

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Humanities
  • Computer Vision
  • Historical Linguistics

Background:

  • Chinese civilization boasts a rich history documented in numerous historical texts.
  • Automated recognition and analysis of these documents are crucial for understanding ancient Chinese culture.
  • Current deep-learning models are hindered by limited datasets lacking scale, character diversity, and book-level annotations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce HisDoc1B, a novel, large-scale dataset designed for Chinese historical document recognition and analysis.
  • To address the limitations of existing datasets in terms of scale, character categories, and annotation richness.
  • To provide a valuable resource for advancing research in historical document analysis using deep learning.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of HisDoc1B dataset comprising 40,281 books, over 3 million images, and over 1 billion characters.
  • Inclusion of 30,615 character categories, book-level annotations, and punctuation annotations.
  • Validation through extensive experiments demonstrating dataset quality and utility.

Main Results:

  • HisDoc1B is the largest dataset for Chinese historical document analysis, exceeding existing datasets by over 200 times.
  • It is the only dataset offering comprehensive book-level and punctuation annotations.
  • Experimental results confirm the dataset's high quality and practical applicability for deep-learning models.

Conclusions:

  • HisDoc1B significantly enhances the scale and scope of available resources for Chinese historical document analysis.
  • The dataset's unique annotations facilitate more sophisticated research into ancient Chinese texts.
  • HisDoc1B is poised to accelerate advancements in the automated recognition and analysis of historical Chinese documents.