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Recombinant VSVs: A Promising Tool for Virotherapy
K A Vorona1, V D Moroz1, N B Gasanov1
1Sirius University of Science and Technology, Krasnodar Region, Sirius Federal Territory, 354340 Russian Federation.
Abstract:
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Traditional cancer treatments include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, as well as combinations of these treatments. Despite significant advances in these fields, the search for innovative ways to treat malignant tumors, including the application of oncolytic viruses, remains relevant. One such virus is the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which possess a number of useful oncolytic properties. However, VSV-based drugs are still in their infancy and are yet to be approved for clinical use. This review discusses the mechanisms of oncogenesis, the antiviral response of tumor and normal cells, and markers of tumor cell resistance to VSV virotherapy. In addition, it examines methods for producing and arming recombinant VSV and provides examples of clinical trials. The data presented will allow better assessment of the prospects of using VSV as an oncolytic.
Insights
Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) shows promise as an oncolytic virus therapy for cancer. This review explores VSV
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Virology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Cancer remains a leading global cause of mortality, driving the need for novel therapeutic strategies.
- Current treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have limitations, necessitating innovative approaches.
- Oncolytic viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), are emerging as a promising alternative for cancer treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the potential of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) as an oncolytic agent.
- To discuss VSV's mechanisms of action, oncogenesis, and tumor cell resistance.
- To examine the development and clinical application of VSV-based cancer therapies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of oncogenesis and antiviral responses.
- Analysis of VSV properties and recombinant VSV production.
- Examination of clinical trial data for VSV virotherapy.
Main Results:
- VSV exhibits oncolytic properties, making it a candidate for cancer therapy.
- Understanding tumor cell resistance and antiviral responses is crucial for VSV efficacy.
- Recombinant VSV can be engineered to enhance its therapeutic potential.
Conclusions:
- VSV-based virotherapy holds significant promise for cancer treatment.
- Further research and clinical trials are necessary to establish VSV as an approved therapy.
- VSV offers a novel approach to targeting and eliminating malignant tumors.
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