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Comparison Of Risk Factors and Clinicopathological Features Between Pre- and Post-Menopausal Patients with Breast

Amabra Dodiyi-Manuel1, Michael Ekemena Ogba2, Azubuike Ogba1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Nigerian Medical Journal : Journal of the Nigeria Medical Association
|January 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared pre-menopausal and post-menopausal breast cancer patients in Nigeria. Late age at first pregnancy was a significant risk factor for pre-menopausal breast cancer.

Keywords:
Breast CancerPost-MenopausalPre-Menopausal

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Breast cancer is a leading global cancer in women, significantly impacting Nigeria.
  • Risk factors for breast cancer are diverse, encompassing both non-modifiable and modifiable elements.
  • Distinct clinical and biological differences exist between pre-menopausal and post-menopausal breast cancer cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare risk factors, disease presentation, and tumor characteristics in pre-menopausal versus post-menopausal breast cancer patients.
  • To identify specific associations relevant to different menopausal stages in breast cancer.
  • To contribute to a better understanding of breast cancer heterogeneity in Nigeria.

Main Methods:

  • A 2-year prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital.
  • 133 histologically confirmed breast cancer patients were divided into pre-menopausal and post-menopausal groups.
  • Data on risk factors, presentation, and tumor characteristics were collected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The study included 70 pre-menopausal and 63 post-menopausal patients, with a mean age of 46.94.
  • The peak age incidence for breast cancer was observed between 41-50 years.
  • Late age at first pregnancy was significantly associated with pre-menopausal breast cancer.

Conclusions:

  • While similar risk factors and tumor characteristics were noted, triple-negative breast cancer showed a higher prevalence in both groups.
  • Late age at first pregnancy is a key distinguishing risk factor for pre-menopausal breast cancer.
  • Findings highlight the need for tailored breast cancer management strategies based on menopausal status.