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Introduction to Fibroblasts

Introduction to Fibroblasts

Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2025

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

Published on: May 7, 2019

Fetal Fibroblast Heterogeneity Defines Dermal Architecture during Human Embryonic Skin Development.

Noriko Morioka¹, Clarisse Ganier², Fiona M Watt³

¹Centre for Gene Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Frontier Research Center, Pola Chemical Industries, Yokohama, Japan.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology

|January 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Human fetal skin contains diverse fibroblast populations that change during development. Researchers identified distinct fibroblast types, including those linked to hair follicles and blood vessels, revealing their dynamic roles in skin maturation.

Keywords:

Development Fetal Fibroblasts Single-cell RNA sequencing Spatial distribution

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Last Updated: May 30, 2025

Isolation of Papillary and Reticular Fibroblasts from Human Skin by Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorting

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Published on: May 7, 2019

Murine Dermal Fibroblast Isolation by FACS

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Published on: January 7, 2016

A Mouse Fetal Skin Model of Scarless Wound Repair

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Published on: January 16, 2015

Area of Science:

Developmental biology
Dermatology
Single-cell genomics

Background:

Fibroblasts are crucial for skin development and function.
Understanding fibroblast heterogeneity is key to deciphering skin morphogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the diversity and spatial distribution of fibroblast populations in human fetal skin.
To map the developmental trajectories and interactions of fetal fibroblasts.

Main Methods:

Analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data from human fetal skin (7 and 16 weeks post-conception).
Single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) for spatial mapping.
Partition-based graph abstraction and pseudotime analysis for dynamic interactions.

Main Results:

Identified 8 distinct fibroblast clusters with stage-specific abundance.
Dermal papilla and hair follicle fibroblasts emerged with maturation.
Vascular-associated fibroblasts increased with vessel development.
HOXC5+ and PLAT+ fibroblasts showed distinct developmental kinetics and interactions.
Adult and fetal papillary fibroblasts were distinguished from reticular fibroblasts.

Conclusions:

Human fetal skin exhibits significant fibroblast heterogeneity that evolves during development.
Specific fibroblast populations are associated with distinct skin structures like hair follicles and blood vessels.
Fibroblast differentiation and interactions play critical roles in fetal skin development.