Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Control of Power Flow01:30

Control of Power Flow

250
There are several methods to control power flow in power systems:
250
Rapidly Varying Flow01:24

Rapidly Varying Flow

48
Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
48
Gradually Varying Flow01:29

Gradually Varying Flow

32
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
32
Laminar Flow: Problem Solving01:24

Laminar Flow: Problem Solving

108
Laminar flow occurs when a fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers with minimal mixing and turbulence. In fluid mechanics, ensuring laminar flow within a pipe is essential for precise control of flow characteristics, especially in engineering applications. The key factor in determining whether flow remains laminar is the Reynolds number, a dimensionless quantity that depends on the fluid's velocity, density, viscosity, and the pipe's diameter. A Reynolds number of 2100 or lower...
108
Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

244
Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
During this process, the momentum of the fluid within the control volume remains constant over the time interval dt. By applying the...
244
Introduction to Types of Flows01:23

Introduction to Types of Flows

804
Fluid flows are categorized by dimensionality and behavior, with one-dimensional flow being the simplest form, where properties like velocity and pressure change only along a single axis. Water moving through straight pipes exemplifies this flow type, as variations in other directions are minimal. One-dimensional analysis helps simplify understanding such flows, focusing solely on changes along the pipe's length.
Two-dimensional flow involves changes in both length and height, as seen in...
804

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mapping and engineering the human cell-cell interactome.

Nature biotechnology·2026
Same author

DNA-PKcs inhibition sensitizes glioblastoma to radiotherapy through reprogramming of tumor cell states and immune microenvironment cell types.

Research square·2026
Same author

Informational blueprints reveal condition-dependent gene regulatory architectures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Energetic gradients emerge in developing motor-microtubule structures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Evaluating the Performance of Large Language Models for Breast Cancer Patient Education: A Comparative Study.

Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education·2026
Same author

Python-based high-throughput extraction of void information, solvent accessible volume and adsorbate molecules from MOF for adsorption-separation applications.

Journal of computer-aided molecular design·2026
Same journal

High-precision memristor-based computing.

Nature materials·2026
Same journal

Boundary geometry controls a topological defect transition that determines lumen nucleation in embryonic development.

Nature materials·2026
Same journal

Surface geometry controls bulk topological defects that govern embryonic structures.

Nature materials·2026
Same journal

Electron-phonon coupling and symmetry breaking in superconducting oxide interfaces near ferroelectric quantum criticality.

Nature materials·2026
Same journal

A highly conductive polar metal with efficient charge-spin conversion.

Nature materials·2026
Same journal

Giant and broadband circular dichroism from particle-hole symmetry breaking in Weyl semimetals.

Nature materials·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2025

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
08:04

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature

Published on: November 26, 2019

7.1K

Dynamic flow control through active matter programming language.

Fan Yang1, Shichen Liu2, Heun Jin Lee3

  • 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. fy2@caltech.edu.

Nature Materials
|January 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a light-controlled strategy to program biological active matter, creating controllable microfluidic flows for transport and separation. This advances active materials for programmable devices beyond current microfluidic capabilities.

More Related Videos

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels
08:32

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

Published on: January 28, 2022

2.3K
Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
12:26

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

Published on: August 27, 2013

17.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2025

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature
08:04

Controlling Flow Speeds of Microtubule-Based 3D Active Fluids Using Temperature

Published on: November 26, 2019

7.1K
Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels
08:32

Assembly and Characterization of an External Driver for the Generation of Sub-Kilohertz Oscillatory Flow in Microchannels

Published on: January 28, 2022

2.3K
Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics
12:26

Fabrication, Operation and Flow Visualization in Surface-acoustic-wave-driven Acoustic-counterflow Microfluidics

Published on: August 27, 2013

17.0K

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Microfluidics

Background:

  • Cells utilize active motor and filament protein networks for intracellular transport and fluid dynamics.
  • Biological active materials offer potential for advanced, dynamically programmable devices exceeding current microfluidic limitations.
  • Existing reconstituted motor-microtubule systems produce chaotic flows, hindering direct engineering applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a light-controlled programming strategy for biological active matter.
  • To construct programmable micrometre-scale fluid flow fields for applications in transport, separation, and mixing.
  • To overcome chaotic flow dynamics in active fluids for predictable engineering outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a light-controlled patterning strategy for motor-filament networks.
  • Limiting hydrodynamic interactions between contracting active networks to control flow.
  • Employing a predictive model to design and implement specific flow fields.
  • Demonstrating applications in canonical microfluidic tasks.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated programmable micrometre-scale fluid flow fields using light-controlled active matter.
  • Circumvented nonlinear dynamic effects by patterning active materials with light.
  • Achieved precise control over fluid dynamics for tasks like cell cluster transport and separation.
  • Demonstrated applications in rheological probing and low Reynolds number mixing.

Conclusions:

  • A novel framework for programming dynamic flows using biological active matter has been established.
  • Light-controlled active matter provides a viable platform for advanced microfluidic applications.
  • This approach overcomes previous limitations of chaotic flows, enabling engineering control.