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Cardiometabolic risk factor burden associates with an immature platelet profile

Carine E Hamo1,2, Matthew Muller2, Emily Rosenfeld2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.

Platelets
|January 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Increased cardiometabolic risk factors are linked to larger, immature platelets. This suggests new platelet-driven pathways contributing to cardiovascular disease (CVD) development.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic risk factors like obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia are key contributors to cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Platelets play a role in CVD pathogenesis, but the impact of cardiometabolic risk factor burden on platelet indices and transcriptome is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the burden of cardiometabolic risk factors and platelet indices (count, mean platelet volume, immature platelet fraction, absolute immature platelet fraction).
  • To explore the relationship between cardiometabolic risk factor burden and the platelet transcriptome using RNA sequencing.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected from 141 CVD-free adults.
  • Platelet indices were measured by hemogram.
  • Platelets were isolated for RNA sequencing.
  • Participants were stratified by the number of cardiometabolic risk factors.
  • Statistical analyses included linear regression for platelet indices and multivariable linear regression for transcriptomic data.

Main Results:

  • Higher cardiometabolic risk factor burden correlated with increased platelet size, immature platelet fraction (IPF), and absolute immature platelet fraction (AIPF), but not platelet count.
  • RNA sequencing identified 100 differentially expressed transcripts in platelets (66 upregulated, 34 downregulated) associated with risk factor burden.
  • Enrichment analysis revealed upregulated pathways related to secondary metabolic processes and hematopoietic stem cell proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Greater cardiometabolic risk factor burden is associated with larger and more immature platelets.
  • These findings suggest novel platelet-mediated mechanisms that link cardiometabolic risk factors to cardiovascular disease.

Keywords:
Cardiometabolicdiabeteshyperlipidemiaobesityplatelets

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