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A Framework for Assessing Viral Pathogens: A Key Element of the BARDA Emerging Infectious Diseases Strategy.

Richard C White1, Gerald Kovacs1, Suchismita Chandran1

  • 1Richard C. White, PhD, is an Interdisciplinary Scientist, Medical Countermeasures Program; Peter L. Adams, PhD, and Karl J. Erlandson, PhD, are Interdisciplinary Scientists, and Ramya Natarajan, PhD, is a Health Scientist, Influenza and Emerging Infectious Diseases Division; Kyla A. Britson, PhD, Rushyannah Killens-Cade, PhD, and Malen A. Link, PhD, are Interdisciplinary Scientists, and Daniel N. Wolfe, PhD, is Deputy Director, Division of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Countermeasures; Derek L. Eisnor, MD, is a Medical Officer, Division of Clinical Development; Brenda L. Fredericksen, PhD, is Program Director, Nonclinical Research Program, and James Little, MS, is a Senior Scientific Advisor, Division of Nonclinical Development; John S. Lee, PhD, is Program Director, Molecular Diagnostics Program, and Julie M. Villanueva, PhD, is a Scientific Advisor, Detection, Diagnostics, and Devices Infrastructure Division; Kimberly L. Sciarretta, PhD, is Program Director, Launch Office, Division of Research, Innovation, and Ventures; and Robert A. Johnson, PhD, is Director, Medical Countermeasures Program; all at the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, Washington, DC. Gerald R. Kovacs, PhD, is a Senior Advisor; Huyen Cao, MD, is a Senior Clinical Studies Analyst; Christopher Dale, PhD, and Mark Michalik, MBA, are Senior Subject Matter Experts; Mario H. Skiadopoulos, PhD, is a Preclinical Drug Development Subject Matter Expert; and Xiaomi Tong, PhD, is a Senior Regulatory Affairs Subject Matter Expert; all at Tunnell Government Services, Berwyn, PA. Suchismita Chandran, PhD, is a Lead Associate, and Michael Rowe, MS, is a Senior Consultant; both at Booz Allen Hamilton, McLean, VA. Ethan J. Fritch, PhD, is an ORISE Fellow, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN. George Robertson, PhD, is Chief Scientific Officer, Cambra Consulting, Inc., Woodbridge, VA.

Health Security
|January 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Nations need better pandemic preparedness, including assessing pathogen threats and developing medical countermeasures (MCMs). A new tool aids BARDA in managing MCM development for emerging infectious diseases using public data.

Keywords:
Biodefense R&DBiomedical Advanced Research and Development AuthorityDisease XEmerging infectious diseasesMedical countermeasuresPathogen prioritizationPublic health preparedness/response

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Biosecurity
  • Infectious Disease Preparedness

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted critical gaps in national preparedness for emerging infectious diseases.
  • Effective response necessitates a comprehensive strategy encompassing threat assessment, rapid development of medical countermeasures (MCMs), and robust response capabilities.
  • The Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) plays a key role in advancing MCM development against various threats.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a novel threat assessment tool developed by BARDA.
  • To demonstrate how this tool supports portfolio management and decision-making for MCM development against emerging infectious diseases.

Main Methods:

  • The tool utilizes readily accessible public data and information on pathogen threats.
  • It is designed for flexibility, allowing adjustments to parameters for cross-pathogen analysis.
  • The tool can be updated to incorporate new data, such as emerging outbreaks, to refine threat assessments.

Main Results:

  • The BARDA threat assessment tool provides a structured approach to evaluating pathogen risks.
  • It facilitates informed decision-making in prioritizing and managing MCM development projects.
  • The tool's adaptability allows for continuous improvement and relevance in a dynamic threat landscape.

Conclusions:

  • The described BARDA tool is a valuable asset for enhancing preparedness against emerging infectious diseases.
  • Its data-driven and flexible design supports strategic MCM development and portfolio management.
  • Implementing such tools is crucial for strengthening national biosecurity and response capabilities.