[Basics and Surgical Techniques for Adult Spinal Deformity]

Adult spinal deformity(ASD) is a condition in which the spinopelvic alignment changes owing to age-related degeneration, making it difficult to maintain a standing position. The goal of surgery for ASD is to correct the spine and obtain normal alignment. Here, we discuss the pathophysiology of ASD, spinopelvic alignment, surgical methods, and complications. Circumferential minimally invasive surgery for ASD comprises an anterior approach using lateral lumbar interbody fusion and a posterior approach using percutaneous pedicle screws. Complications include perioperative and implant-related complications, both of which can be serious. Computer-assisted devices are useful for avoiding these complications. Circumferential minimally invasive surgery requires various spine surgery techniques, most of which are performed daily. Circumferential minimally invasive surgery can be achieved by gaining a solid understanding of the theory and improving the accuracies of the basic procedures.