Advancements in utilizing CD34⁺ stem cells for repairing diabetic vascular damage

Diabetes-related vascular damage is a frequent complication of diabetes that results in structural and functional impairment of blood vessels. This damage significantly heightens the risk of cardiovascular events. CD34⁺ stem cells have shown great potential in the treatment of diabetes-related vascular damage due to their differentiation and vascular repair capabilities. This article provides a review of the research hotspots on the role and mechanisms of CD34⁺ stem cells in the repair of diabetes-related vascular damage, including changes in cell quantity and function during diabetes, as well as the latest research on activating, protecting, or repairing these cells to prevent or treat vascular damage. The article also summarizes the impact of diabetes on the mobilization and function of CD34⁺ stem cells, emphasizing how diabetes negatively affects their ability to promote angiogenesis. These deficits can result in various complications, including issues with small blood vessels, coronary heart disease, foot problems, and retinal complications. On the clinical side, the article highlights the positive effects of CD34⁺ stem cell therapy in improving vascular function and tissue repair in diabetic patients, while also mentioning the inconsistencies in results between diabetes models and clinical studies, which necessitate further research to optimize treatment strategies. It emphasizes the importance of enhancing the mobilization, homing, and repair capabilities of CD34⁺ stem cells, as well as combining them with other treatment methods, to develop more effective strategies for treating diabetes-related vascular damage.