Effects of Assisted Reproductive Technology on Genetics, Obstetrics, and Neonatal Outcomes

Area of Science:

• Reproductive Medicine
• Obstetrics
• Medical Genetics

Background:

• Infertility prevalence has risen significantly in the US, affecting 1 in 5 women of reproductive age.
• Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) utilization has concurrently increased to address infertility.
• Established ART outcomes include higher rates of preterm birth, multiple births, and imprinting disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current literature on Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART).
• To examine the relationship between ART and key obstetrical and neonatal outcomes.
• To explore the connection between ART and medical genetics, including birth defects, placental abnormalities, and stillbirth.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on ART and pregnancy outcomes.
• Analysis of data on obstetrical complications and neonatal health following ART.
• Examination of genetic implications and risks associated with ART.

Main Results:

• ART is associated with increased preterm birth rates and higher-order multiples.
• Established imprinting disorders are linked to ART procedures.
• Further investigation is required to understand ART's impact on birth defects, abnormal placentation, and stillbirth.

Conclusions:

• ART has known associations with specific adverse outcomes like preterm birth and multiple gestations.
• The relationship between ART and other critical outcomes such as birth defects, placental issues, and stillbirth warrants continued research.
• A comprehensive understanding of ART's impact on maternal and neonatal health is crucial.