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Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
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Psychosocial factors that predict happiness: A multigroup path analysis.

Juan Martell-Muñoz1, José Fernando Mora-Romo2, David Luna3

  • 1Unidad Académica de Psicología (UAP), Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (UAZ), Zacatecas 98060, Mexico.

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Gratitude and optimism are key predictors of happiness and psychological well-being in Mexican adults. Understanding these factors can help develop strategies to promote happiness.

Keywords:
GratitudeHappinessMental healthOptimismPsychological well-being

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Sciences

Background:

  • Happiness is crucial for biopsychosocial development across cultures.
  • Optimism, gratitude, mental health, and psychological well-being are identified as potential happiness promoters.
  • This study investigated happiness predictors in a Mexican population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors that predict happiness in a Mexican sample.
  • To examine the roles of optimism and gratitude in relation to psychological well-being and happiness.
  • To explore potential moderating variables influencing these relationships.

Main Methods:

  • A nonexperimental, cross-sectional design with non-probabilistic sampling.
  • Utilized scales for optimism, gratitude, psychological well-being, and happiness.
  • Employed descriptive analysis, hierarchical regression, path analysis, and multigroup analysis with 250 participants.

Main Results:

  • Hierarchical regression explained 57.4% of variance; structural model explained 31.53%.
  • Gratitude positively predicted psychological well-being and happiness.
  • Optimism positively predicted psychological well-being, mental health, and happiness.

Conclusions:

  • Optimism and gratitude are significant predictors of happiness and psychological well-being.
  • Sex, marital status, and religion were identified as moderating variables.
  • Findings can inform intervention strategies to enhance population happiness.