Urgent Issues in Multiple Sclerosis: A Practical Guide for Non-Neurologists

This review provides essential knowledge for internists regarding multiple sclerosis (MS). It begins with an overview of the different types of MS, guidance on recognizing early symptoms, and criteria for referral to a neurologist based on commonly used diagnostic standards and epidemiologic data. The authors then summarize the most used disease-modifying therapies, including their side effects, monitoring requirements, and guidelines for inpatient and pre-procedural management. Finally, the authors address the management of common MS-related symptoms that may require the attention of an internist.