Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2025

Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach

Author Spotlight: Traditional Chinese Medicine for Sleep Disorders in Acute COPD — A Safe, Cost-Effective Approach

Published on: October 18, 2024

Association between elevated cystatin C levels and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: a systematic review and

Nianying Fu¹, Xiaotao Tan², Jie He^3,4,5

¹Pulmonology Department, Guanghan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, DeYang, Sichuan, China.

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

|February 1, 2025

Insights

Elevated cystatin C levels are linked to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) and increase risks for stroke and cardiovascular events. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment can lower these levels, indicating cystatin C

Area of Science:

Biomarkers in Sleep Medicine
Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Health
Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders

Background:

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) is associated with increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risks.
Cystatin C, a marker of kidney function and inflammation, has emerged as a potential biomarker in various diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS versus controls.
To investigate the association between cystatin C and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular complications in OSAHS.
To evaluate the impact of surgery or CPAP on cystatin C levels in OSAHS patients.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search across major databases (PubMed, CNKI, EMBASE, Web of Science, WanFang) until October 2024.
Meta-analysis of 40 studies using standardized mean difference (SMD) and correlation coefficients (COR).
Fixed-effect or random-effect models were employed based on heterogeneity (I²).

Main Results:

Patients with OSAHS exhibited significantly higher serum/plasma cystatin C levels compared to controls (SMD = 0.65).
Elevated cystatin C levels correlated positively with AHI and ODI and were identified as a risk factor for stroke and MACC.
CPAP treatment significantly reduced cystatin C levels in OSAHS patients.

Conclusions:

Elevated cystatin C is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in OSAHS patients.
Cystatin C may serve as a valuable clinical indicator for assessing OSAHS severity and treatment efficacy.

Read full analysis

Abstract

Objective:

This study seeks to elucidate variances in cystatin C levels between patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) and controls while also assessing the impact of cystatin C on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in patients with OSAHS. Furthermore, the benefits of surgery or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in reducing cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS were explored.

Methods:

A thorough search was undertaken across various medical databases, namely PubMed, CNKI, EMBASE, Web of Science, and WanFang, until October 1, 2024, to determine published articles pertinent to OSAHS. The present research conducted a comprehensive review of the literature concerning cystatin C levels in both patients with OSAHS and controls, variations in cystatin C levels pre-and post-surgery/CPAP treatment, the Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients between cystatin C levels and sleep monitoring indices, and the hazard ratio (HR) associated with cystatin C levels concerning the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among patients with OSAHS. Meta-analyses were executed utilizing standardized mean difference (SMD) and correlation coefficients (COR) as effect variables. A fixed-effect model was utilized in cases where heterogeneity was not significant (I² < 50%). Otherwise, a random-effect model was employed. Statistical analysis was executed utilizing STATA 11.0, GraphPad Prism 8, and R 4.1.3.

Results:

Forty articles were included in the final analysis. The serum/plasma cystatin C levels in the OSAHS group were significantly increased relative to the controls (SMD = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.50-0.79, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis considering mean body mass index (BMI), mean age, ethnicity, and study design type consistently showed significantly elevated serum/plasma cystatin C levels in the OSAHS category relative to the controls. CPAP treatment can significantly decrease serum/plasma cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS. Moreover, the increase in cystatin C levels may serve as a risk factor for stroke and MACC in patients with OSAHS. Serum/plasma cystatin C levels exhibited a positive correlation with AHI scores and ODI.

Conclusion:

Elevated cystatin C levels in patients with OSAHS may pose a risk for the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Furthermore, cystatin C levels could serve as a valuable clinical indicator for evaluating treatment effectiveness and severity of OSAHS.

Clinical Trial Number:

Not applicable.

Keywords:

Continuous positive airway pressure Cystatin C Meta-analysis Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome Plasma Serum

More Related Videos

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Author Spotlight: Utilizing Traditional Chinese Acupuncture of the Ear to Improve Sleep Disorders

Author Spotlight: Utilizing Traditional Chinese Acupuncture of the Ear to Improve Sleep Disorders

Published on: August 18, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies

Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

A propensity matched comparison of effects between video assisted thoracoscopic single-port, two-port and three-port pulmonary resection on lung cancer.

Journal of thoracic disease·2016

Prognostic value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is superior to platelet-lymphocyte ratio for survival in patients who underwent complete resection of thymic carcinoma.

Journal of thoracic disease·2016

Nomogram and recursive partitioning analysis to predict overall survival in patients with stage IIB-III thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after esophagectomy.

Oncotarget·2016

Transcriptome profiling of lncRNA and co-expression networks in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by RNA sequencing.

Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine·2016

HIC1 modulates uveal melanoma progression by activating lncRNA-numb.

Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine·2016

An Efficient Method for Adventitious Root Induction from Stem Segments of Brassica Species.

Frontiers in plant science·2016

See all related articles