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Evolution of Hybrid Inviability Associated With Chromosome Fusions.

Jesper Boman1, Karin Näsvall1, Roger Vila2

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Chromosome fusions contribute to speciation by causing hybrid inviability in wood white butterflies. This occurs indirectly through reduced recombination near fused chromosomes, impacting reproductive isolation.

Keywords:
chromosomal rearrangementshybrid incompatibilitieshybrid inviabilitypopulation genomicsspeciation

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Speciation Research

Background:

  • Chromosomal rearrangements, particularly inversions, are studied for their role in hindering recombination and impacting speciation.
  • The influence of other rearrangements like chromosome fissions and fusions on reproductive isolation remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify genomic regions linked to hybrid inviability in the wood white butterfly (Leptidea sinapis).
  • To investigate the role of chromosome fusions in the evolution of reproductive isolation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing crosses between wood white butterfly populations with distinct karyotypes.
  • Mapping hybrid inviability loci by contrasting allele frequencies in surviving versus non-surviving F2 hybrids.
  • Analyzing sequencing coverage to rule out aneuploidies.

Main Results:

  • Identified hybrid inviability candidate regions with high genetic differentiation and reduced recombination.
  • Found these regions are enriched near chromosome fusions.
  • Excluded aneuploidies as a direct cause, suggesting an indirect link via reduced recombination in fused chromosomes.

Conclusions:

  • Postzygotic isolation is mapped to chromosomal rearrangements, specifically chromosome fusions.
  • Provides empirical evidence that differences in chromosome number can drive speciation.
  • Highlights the indirect role of reduced recombination in fused chromosomes in reproductive isolation.