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COVID-19 and Long-term Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Asthma

Sungmin Zo1, Hyun Lee2, Cho Yun Jeong3

  • 1Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
|February 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increases the long-term risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in adults with asthma. Monitoring cardiovascular events is crucial for managing asthma patients in the post-COVID-19 era.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Comorbid ischemic heart disease (IHD) significantly impacts asthma prognosis.
  • The long-term cardiovascular effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on asthma patients are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the long-term risk of IHD in adults with asthma following COVID-19 infection.
  • To assess whether COVID-19 severity influences the risk of developing IHD in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Korean National Health Insurance Service claims database.
  • Identified 8,011 asthma patients recovered from COVID-19 and 1:1 propensity score-matched controls.
  • Compared IHD incidence and risk over a median follow-up of 95 days.

Main Results:

  • The overall COVID-19 cohort did not show a significantly higher risk of IHD compared to controls (HR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.99-4.48).
  • Patients with severe COVID-19 exhibited a significantly increased risk of IHD (HR, 4.89; 95% CI, 1.86-12.84).
  • Non-severe COVID-19 did not correlate with a significantly increased IHD risk (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.73-3.70).

Conclusions:

  • Severe COVID-19 is associated with an elevated long-term risk of IHD in adults with asthma.
  • Close cardiovascular monitoring is essential for optimizing asthma management strategies during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords:
AsthmaCOVID-19epidemiologyischemic heart diseaseriskseverity

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