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Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Development of the Proactive Behavior Scale for Mid-Career Nurses: a reliability and validity study.

Satomi Koyama1,2, Yumiko Miyoshi2, Kimie Takehara2

  • 1Graduate School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.

Fujita Medical Journal
|February 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The Proactive Behavior Scale for Mid-Career Nurses demonstrates good reliability and validity. This validated tool measures proactive behaviors in experienced nurses during organizational socialization.

Keywords:
Mid-career nursesOrganizational socializationProactive behaviorScale development

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Organizational Psychology
  • Human Resources Management

Background:

  • Mid-career nurses face unique challenges during organizational socialization.
  • Measuring proactive behaviors is crucial for understanding nurse adaptation and retention.
  • Existing scales may not adequately capture the experiences of mid-career nurses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the reliability and validity of the Proactive Behavior Scale for Mid-Career Nurses.
  • To establish a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring proactive behaviors in this demographic.
  • To support the development and integration of mid-career nurses within healthcare organizations.

Main Methods:

  • A draft Proactive Behavior Scale was administered to 875 mid-career nurses via mail survey (Survey 1).
  • Exploratory factor analysis was used to develop the scale.
  • The scale's reliability and validity were further examined with 706 mid-career nurses (Survey 2).

Main Results:

  • Exploratory factor analysis yielded a 21-item scale with three factors: self-reliance, reliable nursing practices, and relationship building.
  • The scale achieved a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89, indicating strong internal consistency.
  • Test-retest reliability was 0.75, and correlations with external criteria ranged from 0.40 to 0.72.

Conclusions:

  • The Proactive Behavior Scale for Mid-Career Nurses is a reliable and valid instrument.
  • The scale effectively measures proactive behaviors relevant to mid-career nurses' socialization.
  • This tool can aid in assessing and supporting mid-career nurses' professional development.