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Thyroid Dysfunction in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease: A Single-Centered Experience From Pakistan
Sidra German1, Sajid Bhatti1, Tajammul Waqar1
1Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, PAK.
Cureus
|February 3, 2025
Summary
Thyroid dysfunction is common in hemodialysis patients, with hypothyroidism affecting over 20%. Regular screening is crucial for managing risks and improving outcomes in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) prevalence is rising globally.
- Thyroid dysfunction, especially hypothyroidism, is frequent in CKD/ESRD patients but often overlooked due to overlapping symptoms with uremia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.
- To identify risk factors associated with hypothyroidism in this population.
Main Methods:
- A prospective cross-sectional study involving 131 hemodialysis patients.
- Collection of demographic, clinical data, and thyroid function tests (hTSH).
- Statistical analysis using SPSS version 22.0 with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Main Results:
- Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 20.6% of patients (18 with overt hypothyroidism).
- Hyperthyroidism was found in 3.1% of patients (all subclinical).
- Risk factors for hypothyroidism included female gender, longer dialysis duration, lower leukocyte/platelet counts, and higher serum urea/creatinine.
Conclusions:
- Thyroid dysfunction presents a significant health burden in hemodialysis patients.
- Routine screening and management of thyroid dysfunction are essential to reduce cardiovascular risks and enhance patient outcomes in ESRD.
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