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Reduction of nonlinear distortion in condenser microphones using a simple post-processing technique.

Petr Honzík1, Antonin Novak2

  • 1Department of Radioelectronics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 2, 166 27 Praha, Czech Republic.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
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Summary

A new post-processing technique significantly reduces nonlinear distortion in condenser microphones, including MEMS types. This method enhances audio quality by lowering harmonic distortion and intermodulation products across various signal types.

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Single-backplate condenser microphones, common in MEMS, studio recording, and lab measurements, suffer from nonlinear distortion.
  • Reducing this distortion is crucial for high-fidelity audio capture and accurate measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a simple, effective post-processing technique for reducing nonlinear distortion in single-backplate condenser microphones.
  • To demonstrate the technique's integration flexibility and performance across different microphone types and signal conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a post-processing algorithm based on a single, derivable parameter.
  • Integrated the technique into external hardware (analog circuit, microcontroller, DSP) and on-chip for MEMS microphones.
  • Validated the method using harmonic, two-tone, and multitone excitation on a MEMS microphone.

Main Results:

  • Achieved approximately 40 dB reduction in second harmonic distortion under harmonic excitation.
  • Demonstrated at least 20 dB reduction in second-order intermodulation products for complex signals.
  • Confirmed that overestimating the parameter does not increase original distortion levels.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed technique effectively reduces nonlinear distortion in condenser microphones across their operational range.
  • Its simplicity and adaptability make it suitable for diverse audio applications, from consumer electronics to professional equipment.
  • This method offers a practical solution for improving the linearity and fidelity of microphone systems.