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Cognitive Function among People with Severe Substance Use.

Nina Auestad1,2,3, Stig Tore Bogstrand2,4, Odd Martin Vallersnes5,6

  • 1The Agency for Social and Welfare Services, City of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

European Addiction Research
|February 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most individuals with severe, ongoing substance use show cognitive impairment. This real-world study found no link between impairment and specific substance use patterns, highlighting a need for tailored support.

Keywords:
Cognitive functionHabitual substance useHigh-risk behaviourPeople who use drugsSubstance use

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment in people who use drugs (PWUD) varies widely (20-80%).
  • Existing research often studies abstinent or institutionalized PWUD.
  • This study examines cognitive function in actively, habitually using populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess cognitive function in individuals with ongoing, severe substance use.
  • To provide a real-world perspective on cognitive impairment in this demographic.
  • To inform service providers about the cognitive needs of PWUD outside treatment settings.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 171 participants with severe substance use in Oslo, Norway.
  • Cognitive function screened using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
  • Data collected on substance use, demographics, and MoCA scores (cutoff <26 for impairment).

Main Results:

  • 74.9% of participants scored below the MoCA cutoff, indicating possible cognitive impairment.
  • No significant associations were found between cognitive impairment and substance use variables (type, quantity, overdose history, injection use, treatment history).

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of individuals with severe substance use experience functional cognitive impairment.
  • Findings offer high external validity, reflecting real-world, day-to-day substance use.
  • Results are crucial for developing targeted support services for PWUD in community settings.