Hydrothermal Synthesis of Single-Crystal Europium Tungstate Hydroxide Nanobelts for Enhanced Humidity Sensing

Humidity sensing is crucial for environmental monitoring and industrial processes; however, existing sensors often face challenges in sensitivity and response time. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a novel material, EuWO₄(OH) nanobelts, synthesized through a hydrothermal method. These nanobelts exhibit exceptional sensing performance, with a response value of 2.3×10³ at 85 % RH, a rapid response time of 6.3 s, and a recovery time of 0.6 s. Unlike traditional materials, EuWO₄(OH) nanobelts offer superior stability and reproducibility, making them a promising candidate for advanced humidity sensors. The distinctive electronic properties and high crystallinity of EuWO₄(OH) nanobelts contribute to their high sensitivity and rapid response, which sets them apart from existing sensors. This study not only elucidates the potential of EuWO₄(OH) nanobelts for humidity sensing but also provides a new direction for the development of next-generation humidity sensors.