A novel aptamer-based probe for the identification and enrichment of trophoblast cells

Trophoblast cells, which are shed into the maternal reproductive tract, are emerging as a valuable source for prenatal diagnostic cells. However, the current enrichment efficiency of these cells is inadequate for clinical purposes. The reliance on antibody-based cell recognition methods has been a significant barrier to developing more effective enrichment techniques. In our research, we employed systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technology to identify three aptamers that can specifically bind to the HLA-G protein, a unique marker on the surface of trophoblast cells. Through a process of meticulous truncation and optimization, we successfully developed the highly effective nucleic acid aptamer H4-2. Utilizing H4-2, we engineered a novel circulating microfluidic system that achieves an impressive 65 % enrichment efficiency for trophoblast cells. This advancement holds substantial promise for enhancing prenatal diagnostic methods that rely on intact foetal cells.