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Stress Distribution Analysis in Bone Adjacent to Implant in Various Abutment-Implant Connection Designs Using Finite
Ehsan Ghasemi1, Amirhossein Fathi2, Daryoush Mohammadi3
1Dental Implants Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
The Journal of Oral Implantology
|February 5, 2025
Summary
Dental implant connections experience higher stress than natural teeth. A longer Morse taper (2.6mm) with a wider angle (16°) and vertical force minimizes stress on surrounding bone and implant components.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Dental Implantology
- Finite Element Analysis
Background:
- Natural teeth possess viscoelastic periodontal ligaments, unlike dental implants which osseointegrate strongly with bone.
- This difference in connection leads to higher stress concentration in the bone and prosthetic components surrounding dental implants compared to natural teeth.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of Morse taper connection geometry (length and angle) and force application angle on stress distribution in dental implants.
- To identify the optimal Morse taper design parameters for minimizing stress on the peri-implant bone and prosthetic components.
Main Methods:
- Developed 3D finite element models of a mandible, dental implant, and prosthetic components based on DIO implant specifications.
- Designed four Morse taper connections varying in length (1.3mm, 2.6mm) and tipping angle (11°, 16°).
- Applied a constant 200N force at three angles (0°, 30°, 45°) to simulate occlusal loading and analyzed stress distribution.
Main Results:
- Increasing Morse taper length from 1.3mm to 2.6mm significantly reduced stress in the adjacent bone and prosthetic components.
- Increasing the Morse taper tipping angle from 11° to 16° decreased stress on the bone, fixture, and abutment, but increased stress within the implant screw.
- Higher force application angles (30°, 45°) resulted in increased stress on the peri-implant bone and components compared to vertical force (0°).
Conclusions:
- A longer Morse taper (2.6mm) with a greater tipping angle (16°) is optimal for minimizing stress on the surrounding bone and prosthetic components.
- Vertical force application angles further reduce stress, indicating the importance of biomechanical alignment in implant design and function.
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