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Measuring Digital Health Literacy in Older Adults: Development and Validation Study
SungMin Kim1, Choonghee Park1, Sunghyeon Park1
1Department of Medical Informatics, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|February 5, 2025
Summary
A new 25-item scale effectively measures digital health literacy in older adults, assessing device use, information comprehension, and decision-making. This tool is crucial for developing targeted digital health education and interventions for this demographic.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Health Informatics
- Digital Health
Background:
- The expansion of smart health care and digital therapeutics necessitates digital health literacy skills.
- Older adults require enhanced digital health literacy for consistent health management.
- Assessing digital health literacy in older adults is critical for effective service utilization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a tool for measuring digital health literacy.
- To identify key components of digital health literacy through literature review.
- To create a reliable scale using a representative sample of older adults.
Main Methods:
- A primary survey of 600 adults aged 55-75 years was conducted.
- Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on a 74-item preliminary scale.
- A secondary survey of 400 participants refined the scale for validity and reliability.
Main Results:
- A 25-item digital health literacy scale was developed with 4 subfactors: device use, information understanding, information use/decision-making, and use intention.
- The scale demonstrated excellent structural validity, high convergent validity, and reliability.
- Discriminant validity was confirmed, indicating a robust measurement tool.
Conclusions:
- This study successfully developed a valid and reliable tool to measure digital health literacy in older adults.
- The developed scale is a significant step towards improving digital health literacy in this population.
- Findings will inform tailored educational programs and interventions for older adults' digital health needs.
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