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Protein Stacking on the APTES-Functionalized Pyrochlore Bi2Ru2O7 Clusters for Ultrasensitive and Selective
Nikola Tasić1, Nika Vranešič1, Dino Metarapi1
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|February 6, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a novel pyrochlore-based electrochemical immunosensor for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The sensor demonstrates high sensitivity and stability, offering a promising platform for point-of-need diagnostic applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Electrochemistry
- Biosensing
Background:
- Pyrochlores possess unique properties like conductivity and stability, suitable for various applications.
- However, their use in electrochemical immunosensing remains unexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential of pyrochlore Bi2Ru2O7 clusters for electrochemical immunosensing.
- To develop a sensitive and stable immunosensor for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection.
Main Methods:
- Silanization of Bi2Ru2O7 clusters with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES).
- Characterization using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
- Fabrication and testing of the immunosensor for protein A and antibody stacking, and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection.
Main Results:
- XPS confirmed the presence of APTES-Bi2Ru2O7 clusters and the involvement of pyrochlore moieties in protein stacking.
- The immunosensor exhibited nearly interference-free operation with high sensitivity.
- A low detection limit of 118 fM for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was achieved over a wide concentration range (10^-5-10^-1 μg mL^-1).
Conclusions:
- Functionalized pyrochlore clusters provide an effective platform for protein stacking in immunosensors.
- The developed pyrochlore-based immunosensor is a robust platform for future point-of-need diagnostic applications.
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