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Chylomicron Characteristics Are Associated With Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein in an Animal Model of

Carolina Olano1,2, Gregorio Fariña1,2, Morena Wiszniewski3

  • 1Laboratorio de Lípidos y Aterosclerosis, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis
|February 6, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

High-fat diets promote dysbiosis, increasing intestinal fat and triglyceride-rich chylomicrons (CMs). This suggests gut fat content influences CM secretion and atherogenic risk, mediated by microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP).

Area of Science:

  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Intestinal remnant chylomicrons (CMs) contribute to cardiovascular residual risk and atherogenesis.
  • Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) is crucial for CM assembly.
  • Gut dysbiosis may influence CM metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the chemical composition of CMs.
  • To examine associations between CMs, intestinal MTTP, and gut fat depots.
  • To utilize a diet-induced dysbiosis animal model.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were fed standard or high-fat high-sucrose diets (HFSD) for 14 weeks.
  • Assessed serum lipids, FFAs, LPS, and gut microbiota (F/B ratio).
  • Analyzed CM lipid content, intestinal MTTP, cell intestinal fat content (CIF), and tight junction proteins.

Main Results:

  • HFSD rats exhibited higher LPS, TG, non-HDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratio, FFAs, and F/B ratio.
  • HFSD CMs had increased TG and phospholipids; TJ proteins were lower.
  • Intestinal MTTP expression was elevated in HFSD rats and correlated with CM-TG.

Conclusions:

  • Gut triglyceride content is a key determinant of TG-rich CM secretion.
  • MTTP activity, influenced by gut fat, promotes CMs with higher atherogenic potential.
  • Diet-induced dysbiosis impacts CM composition and cardiovascular risk factors.
Keywords:
Atherogenic riskChylomicronsDysbiosisMTTPTriglycerides

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