Community-Oriented Dentistry Education: A Narrative Review

Community-oriented dental education (CODE) is a teaching and learning approach in dentistry that occurs at a location outside the traditional dental education institution which bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. CODE programs differ in terms of student involvement, rotation duration, types of services offered, and the structure of community partnerships. The nature and structure of the programs that are implemented in specific places determine the precise impacts of the CODE. Hence, the current narrative review highlights the determinants of CODE, challenges associated with the implementation of CODE, and opportunities for advancement. The six determinants highlighted consist of addressing community needs, promoting social responsibility, implementing CODE for oral health challenges, enhancing cultural competence and sensitivity, collaborating with organizations, and integrating public health principles. Moreover, it illustrates opportunities for advancement consisting of technological innovations, global exchange programs, and interdisciplinary collaboration which enhance the effectiveness and impact of CODE. However, the review discusses various challenges that involve resistance to change, limited resources, and difficulties in assessing outcomes that result in the complexities of the implementation of CODE. Hence, the CODE bridges knowledge and applied education models, allowing for a comprehensive approach to training graduates to tackle oral health inequalities and advance equity.