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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Cholecystitis01:20

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Systemic risk factors contributing to sialolithiasis: a big-data retrospective analysis.

Ehud Jonas1,2, Leon Gillman1,2, Daya Masri1,2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, The Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Clinical Oral Investigations
|February 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Systemic diseases like dyslipidemia are linked to sialolithiasis (salivary stones). This research identifies key risk factors for salivary stone formation, aiding in prevention and diagnosis.

Keywords:
Big-dataDyslipidemiaRisk factorSalivary glandSialolithiasisSystemic diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Oral medicine and pathology
  • Epidemiology
  • Internal medicine

Background:

  • Sialolithiasis, or salivary stones, affects salivary gland function and quality of life.
  • Understanding systemic risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management of sialolithiasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate systemic conditions associated with the development of sialolithiasis.
  • To identify potential risk factors for salivary stone formation.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective big-data cohort study utilized data from Clalit HMO in Israel.
  • Sialolithiasis cases were identified using ICD-10 codes and matched with controls.
  • Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess correlations.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension, dyslipidemia, nephrolithiasis, and cholelithiasis were significantly correlated with sialolithiasis.
  • Dyslipidemia showed a strong association (OR=1.33, p<0.001).
  • The study analyzed 5100 sialolithiasis cases.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic diseases, especially dyslipidemia, are implicated in sialolithiasis development.
  • Recognizing these associations can improve clinical practice for risk assessment and early diagnosis.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and develop targeted prevention strategies.