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A Brief Biofeedback Training, Integrated with Breathing and Relaxation Exercises, in Treating Tinnitus Disorders

Chiara Buizza1, Elena Franco2, Alberto Ghilardi3

  • 1Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy. chiara.buizza@unibs.it.

Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
|February 6, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that brief biofeedback training, combined with relaxation and breathing exercises, effectively reduces tinnitus handicap. The positive effects on tinnitus severity were sustained for three months post-intervention.

Keywords:
BiofeedbackBreathing ExercisesEffectivenessHandicapRelaxation TrainingTinnitus

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Psychology
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Tinnitus significantly impacts psycho-social functioning, with limited research on psychological treatments.
  • Medical interventions are standard, but non-pharmacological approaches require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of brief biofeedback training for tinnitus handicap.
  • To assess the enduring effects of biofeedback over a 3-month follow-up period.

Main Methods:

  • 431 tinnitus outpatients were randomized into a control group (treatment as usual) and an experimental group (biofeedback with relaxation/breathing exercises).
  • Biofeedback was administered using an eight-channel computer-operated encoder.
  • Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) was used to assess changes in severity.

Main Results:

  • Biofeedback significantly improved THI total scores and sub-scale scores (Functional, Emotional, Catastrophic).
  • The experimental group showed reduced psycho-physiological parameters compared to baseline at 3-month follow-up.
  • Positive impacts were observed across emotional, functional, and physical dimensions affected by tinnitus.

Conclusions:

  • Brief biofeedback training, integrated with relaxation and breathing exercises, is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for tinnitus.
  • The intervention demonstrates sustained positive effects on tinnitus handicap and quality of life.