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Related Concept Videos

Inhaled Medications01:23

Inhaled Medications

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Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...
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Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

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Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
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Lower respiratory tract disorders present challenges that often require skilled and nuanced approaches for effective management. Common ailments, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), have prompted the development of intricate treatment strategies involving bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory drugs, each tailored to ease breathing and revitalize the lungs.
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2025

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System
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Inspiratory Profiles Through Easyhaler Dry Powder Inhaler During Acute Bronchoconstriction.

Ville A Vartiainen1, Antti Tikkakoski2, L Pekka Malmberg3

  • 1Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland and Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Aerosol Medicine and Pulmonary Drug Delivery
|February 7, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Patients using Easyhaler dry powder inhalers (DPIs) can effectively inhale medication even during acute bronchoconstriction. Most adults achieved successful inhalation criteria with both Easyhaler variants during a methacholine challenge test.

Keywords:
dry powder inhalerobstructionpeak inspiratory flow rate

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pharmacology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are passive devices requiring patient inspiratory effort for effective drug delivery.
  • Assessing inhaler usability during acute bronchoconstriction is crucial for patient adherence and treatment efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of acute bronchoconstriction on the ability of adult patients to use the Easyhaler DPI.
  • To compare the performance of two Easyhaler variants (single substance and combination) during a methacholine challenge test.

Main Methods:

  • A parallel-group clinical trial involving 120 adult subjects undergoing a methacholine challenge (MC) test.
  • Inhalations using Salbutamol Easyhaler (EH-mono) and Budesonide-formoterol Easyhaler (EH-combi) were recorded at baseline and during induced bronchoconstriction.
  • Key performance metrics included peak inspiratory flow (PIF), flow rate acceleration, and inhalation volume, compared against established success criteria.

Main Results:

  • High success rates were observed for both Easyhaler variants: EH-combi (98.3% baseline, 91.4% bronchoconstriction) and EH-mono (95.0% baseline, 88.1% bronchoconstriction).
  • The primary limitation identified was insufficient inhalation acceleration, not peak inspiratory flow, which was met by almost all subjects.
  • Two subjects using EH-mono during bronchoconstriction did not meet the PIF criteria.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of adult patients can achieve adequate peak inspiratory flow, inhalation acceleration, and volume when using Easyhaler DPIs, even during acute bronchoconstriction.
  • Easyhaler DPIs demonstrate robust performance in delivering medication during simulated obstructive events, supporting their use in asthma patients.