Artificial intelligence in dentistry and dental biomaterials

Area of Science:

• Dental Technology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry

Background:

• Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly integrated into various scientific fields, with expanding applications in dentistry.
• Key AI technologies include machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and neural networks (NNs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an overview of AI, its core components, and its applications in biomedicine and dentistry.
• To focus on AI's role in restorative dentistry and prosthodontics, including dental biomaterials.

Main Methods:

• Review of AI technologies such as ML, DL, and NNs.
• Analysis of AI applications in dental diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome prediction.
• Examination of AI software for analyzing periapical and panoramic radiographs for tasks like restoration detection and anatomical segmentation.

Main Results:

• AI systems serve as complementary tools for diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient-centered care in dentistry.
• AI software accurately detects restorations, prosthetic crowns, periodontal bone loss, and performs root canal segmentation.
• Integration of AI with digital imaging and 3D printing leads to more precise and durable patient-oriented outcomes.

Conclusions:

• AI significantly assists dentists in diagnosis and treatment planning, improving the quality and efficiency of dental care.
• AI facilitates automatic segmentation of oral and maxillofacial anatomy from panoramic radiographs.
• Recent AI advancements, including multimodal deep learning and neuromorphic computing, are transforming dental sciences.