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Recommendations for the perinatal management and follow-up of moderate and late preterm infants

Sílvia Martínez-Nadal1, Gemma Ginovart Galiana2, Félix Morales Luengo3

  • 1Grupo SEN32-36/ACUNA, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Spain; Servicio de Pediatría y Neonatología, Hospital de Barcelona, SCIAS, Barcelona, Spain.

Anales De Pediatria
|February 7, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This guideline provides recommendations for moderately and late preterm (MLPT) infants, addressing crucial perinatal and long-term care needs. It aims to standardize and improve the health outcomes for these vulnerable newborns.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth complications are a leading cause of infant morbidity.
  • Moderately and late preterm (MLPT) infants (32-36 weeks gestation) constitute a significant majority of preterm births.
  • Spain currently lacks specific guidelines for MLPT infant care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive guideline for the perinatal management and long-term follow-up of MLPT infants.
  • To standardize and improve the care provided to MLPT infants.
  • To address gaps in current clinical practice for this population.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a guideline by the SEN32-36 group of the Spanish Society of Neonatology.
  • Recommendations cover prenatal care, delivery room management, neonatal care, feeding, hyperbilirubinemia, discharge, and long-term follow-up.
  • Grading of recommendations based on Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHCPR) scales for research quality and evidence levels.

Main Results:

  • A detailed guideline encompassing both immediate perinatal care and extended follow-up for MLPT infants.
  • Evidence-based recommendations for managing common issues like respiratory pathology, feeding difficulties, and hyperbilirubinemia.
  • Guidance on crucial long-term aspects including neurodevelopment, nutrition, respiratory health post-discharge, and immunizations.

Conclusions:

  • The guideline offers a standardized framework for optimizing the care of MLPT infants.
  • Implementation of these recommendations is expected to enhance health outcomes and reduce morbidity in MLPT infants.
  • This initiative addresses a critical need for evidence-based guidance in Spain for this specific preterm population.

Keywords:
BreastfeedingCuidados perinatalesDischarge planningFollowupHiperbilirrubinemia neonatalHipoglucemiaHypoglycaemiaLactancia maternaModerate to late preterm infantNeonatal hyperbilirubinaemiaNewborn respiratory distress syndromePerinatal carePlan de altaPrematuro moderado/tardíoSeguimientoSíndrome de distrés respiratorio neonatal

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