Tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation in breast cancer: Scope of metal nanoparticles

Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality among the female population worldwide. Among the various factors promoting breast cancer metastasis, the role of cancer-cell platelet interactions leading to tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) has garnered significant attention recently. Our state-of-the-art literature review verifies the implications of metal nanoparticles in breast cancer research and TCIPA-specific breast cancer metastasis. We have evaluated in vitro and in vivo research data as well as clinical investigations within the scope of this topic presented in the last ten years. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery platforms in cancer therapy can combat the growing concerns of multi-drug resistance, the alarming rates of chemotherapy-induced toxicities and cancer progression. Metal nanoparticles conjugated with chemotherapeutics can outperform their free drug counterparts in achieving targeted drug delivery and desired drug concentration inside the tumour tissue with minimal toxic effects. Existing data highlights the potential of metal nanoparticles as a promising tool for targeting the platelet-specific interactions associated with breast cancer metastasis including TCIPA.