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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Association between Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance and Abdominal Fat Distribution: A Trait Spectrum Exposure

Zhi Li1, Shi Lin Shan1, Chen Yang Song1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China;Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, China.

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Summary

Serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure is linked to regional fat distribution, with effects varying by age, sex, and PFAS structure. A highly accurate prediction model can assess obesity risk from PFAS exposure.

Keywords:
NHANESObesityPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substancesRegional fat depotsStructure-based

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Toxicology
  • Human Health

Background:

  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used synthetic chemicals with increasing environmental and health concerns.
  • Understanding the relationship between PFAS exposure and body composition is crucial for public health.
  • Regional fat distribution plays a significant role in metabolic health and disease risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between eight serum PFASs and regional fat depots.
  • To explore how PFAS exposure influences fat distribution based on age, sex, and chemical structure.
  • To develop a predictive model for obesity risk associated with PFAS exposure.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018.
  • Utilized multiple linear regression models to assess associations between serum PFAS concentrations and six fat compositions.
  • Developed a prediction model to estimate the ability of PFAS exposure to predict obesity risk, calculating AUC.

Main Results:

  • In females aged 39-59, trunk fat mass was positively associated with perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS).
  • Higher levels of certain PFASs (PFOS, PFHxS, PFDeA, PFNA, n-PFOA) were linked to greater visceral adipose tissue in women.
  • In men, total and long-chain PFASs were associated with reduced abdominal fat, while short-chain PFASs were linked to increased abdominal fat in women aged 39-59.

Conclusions:

  • PFAS exposure is demonstrably associated with regional fat distribution, with differential effects observed across age, sex, and PFAS chemical structures.
  • These findings underscore the potential impact of PFASs on fat accumulation and obesity risk, carrying significant public health implications.
  • A highly accurate prediction model (AUC of 0.9925) was developed for assessing obesity risk related to PFAS exposure.